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OCEANS ABSORBED RECORD HEAT IN 2025, SCIENTISTS WARN

Why in the News?

  • Record heat uptake: Scientists reported that the world’s oceans absorbed the highest amount of heat ever recorded in 2025.
  • Staggering scale: The heat gain equaled nearly four decades of global energy consumption.
  • Scientific warning: Findings were published in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, raising alarms over climate impacts.

KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

  • Heat absorption: Oceans absorbed around 23 zetta joules of heat in 2025, the highest since records began in the 1950s.
  • Climate regulator: Oceans absorb nearly 90% of excess atmospheric heat caused by greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Regional hotspots: Tropical oceans, Mediterranean, South Atlantic, Northern Indian Ocean, and Southern Ocean saw record warming.
  • Data sources: Analysis used inputs from Argo floating robots tracking ocean temperatures up to 2,000 metres depth.
  • Clear trend: Researchers confirmed continued and sustained ocean warming due to human-induced emissions.

IMPACTS OF OCEAN HEAT ACCUMULATION

  • Extreme weather: Warmer oceans fuel stronger cyclones and heavier rainfall.
  • Sea-level rise: Heat causes thermal expansion of seawater, accelerating sea-level rise.
  • Marine ecosystems: Coral reefs face mass bleaching and death during prolonged marine heatwaves.
  • Climate feedbacks: Increased ocean heat worsens global climate instability.
  • Human risk: Coastal populations face heightened threats from storms and flooding.

OCEAN HEAT CONTENT (OHC)

●      Definition: OHC measures the total heat stored in the oceans, not just surface temperatures.

●      Climate indicator: Considered a more reliable marker of global warming than air temperature alone.

●      Long-term signal: Reflects cumulative effects of greenhouse gas emissions.

●      Monitoring systems: Measured using satellites and Argo float networks.

●      Policy relevance: Critical for climate modelling, IPCC assessments, and adaptation planning.